Biomolecules

Vitamins are the organic compounds occurring in small quantities in different natural foods and necessary for growth and maintenance of good health in human beings and in experimental animals. Basically, vitamins can be divided into two types based on solubility. Vitamins mean Vital Amines They are  Fat-soluble (Vitamin A, D, E, and K)Water-soluble (B-Complex vitamin and Vitamin C) In this …

Amino acids are basically building blocks of proteins. This chapter includes the Physio chemical properties of Amino acids. Before going to the physical and chemical properties of amino acids, we should brush back the amino acids basic points. What is an Amino acid? Amino acids are biological organic molecules containing both an amino group(s) and a carboxyl group (s). Physiochemical …

Carbohydrates composed of ten or more monosaccharide units are classifieds as polysaccharides, and their molecules are colloidal in size. They may be considered as condensation polymers in which the monosaccharides (or their derivatives such as the amino sugars and uronic acids) are joined by glycosidic linkages. By far the most important naturally occurring polysaccharides are Starch and Cellulose. Another term for the …

The essential Macronutrients are water, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. In developed countries, vitamin deficiencies result mainly from poverty, food fads, drugs, or alcoholism. Vitamin toxicity (hypervitaminosis) usually results from taking mega doses of Vitamin A, D, B6, or niacin. In general, excess amounts of water-soluble vitamins are excreted via the Kidneys. Vitamins may be fat-soluble (vitamins A, D, …

Today we are discussing the basic concept of Carbohydrates Classification from Biomolecules chapter. Carbohydrates are the organic molecules that are composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. What is Carbohydrate? These sugars are referred to as saccharides. Carbohydrates are defined as polyhydroxy-aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones or compounds, which produce them on hydrolysis. They supply energy and serve as structural constituents. Carbohydrates …

Do you know fatty acids are the basic unit of which macromolecules? Fats are esters of high molecular weight containing Fatty acids(FA) and Glycerol. What are the building blocks of fats? Glycerol is trihydric alcohol and therefore one two or all the three hydroxyl groups (OH) can react with FA forming mono, di or triglycerides respectively. fatty acids are the basic unit …

Biochemical studies or Biochemical Techniques rely on the availability of appropriate analytical techniques and their applications. This undergraduate course deals with the different biochemical techniques such as spectrophotometry and chromatography to gain knowledge on the biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and their functions. In recent years, huge advances are made in understanding the gene structure and their …

Amino acids have at lease two ionizable groups, i.e., -COOH and -NH2+, of which the former dissociates more easily than the latter. at physiological pH (7.3), the carboxyl group exists in ionized form whereas the amino group remains undissociated and thus retains a positive charge. This doubly charged molecule of amino acid containing a negative and a positively charged group …